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星载X波段宽带双圆极化微带阵列天线设计
电子技术应用
隋涛,邢斯瑞,金宇婷,安向东
长光卫星技术股份有限公司
摘要:针对某卫星X波段通信数据转发系统的要求,设计了一种新型星载X波段宽带双圆极化微带阵列天线。天线单元采用微带形式,整体能量馈入方式为底部馈电,采用缝隙耦合馈电方式以实现宽频带,采用3 dB定向耦合器实现两信号间相位差来满足双圆极化。阵列天线由24个天线单元按4×6矩形排列,每4个单元为一组进行旋转排布。通过电磁仿真软件分析可得:阵列天线在8 GHz~8.4 GHz工作频带内,中心频点8.2 GHz处增益为17.9 dBi,轴比为0.06 dB。该天线实现了宽频带、双圆极化等性能指标,对X波段无线通信系统设计有一定指导意义。
中图分类号:TN82 文献标志码:A DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.245533
中文引用格式:隋涛,邢斯瑞,金宇婷,等. 星载X波段宽带双圆极化微带阵列天线设计[J]. 电子技术应用,2025,51(3):85-89.
英文引用格式:Sui Tao,Xing Sirui,Jin Yuting,et al. Design of X-band wideband dual circularly polarized microstrip array antenna for satellite communication system[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2025,51(3):85-89.
Design of X-band wideband dual circularly polarized microstrip array antenna for satellite communication system
Sui Tao,Xing Sirui,Jin Yuting,An Xiangdong
Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd.
Abstract:A novel X-band wideband dual-circularly polarized microstrip array antenna is designed to meet the requirements of a satellite X-band communication data forwarding system. The antenna unit adopts microstrip form, the overall energy feed mode is bottom feed, the slot-coupling feed mode is adopted to achieve wide band, and the 3 dB directional coupler is adopted to realize the phase difference between the two signals to meet the dual circularly polarization. The array antenna consists of 24 antenna units arranged in a 4×6 rectangle, each of which is rotated in a group of 4 units. Through the analysis of electromagnetic simulation software, it can be obtained that the array antenna has a gain of 17.9 dBi and an axis ratio of 0.06 dB at the center frequency of 8.2 GHz in the operating frequency band of 8 GHz~8.4 GHz. The antenna achieves the performance indexes such as wide band and double circularly polarization, and has certain guiding significance for the design of X-band wireless communication system.
Key words :microstrip array antenna;wide band;dual circularly polarized;slot-coupled feed

引言

随着科技的不断发展进步和低轨卫星互联架构的提出[1-3]通信卫星正在飞速发展,设计出可满足卫星无线通信系统需求且具备优良性能的天线显得格外关键[4-7]。本文依托吉林一号卫星网络,提出了一款星载X波段宽带双圆极化微带阵列天线,用于完成卫星信号无线传输的任务。

微带天线与其他天线相比,具有低剖面、结构紧凑、一致性好、适合批量生产等优点[8]。在微带天线中如何实现宽频段圆极化,前人已经做了大量工作,比如文献[9]中设计了一种新型的双极化天线单元和阵列,对传统对称缝隙耦合馈电结构进行改进,采用寄生贴片结构以扩展工作频带,并在两个极化端口引入错位倒相馈电技术,降低了阵列天线的交叉计划电平;文献[10]中设计了一种中间为空气层的H型缝隙耦合馈电结构的圆极化微带天线单元,并在此基础上设计了8单元直线阵,通过馈电网络前段的级联分支线耦合器来实现圆极化;文献[11]中设计了一种以双极化缝隙耦合微带天线为单元,应用在3.4 GHz~3.6 GHz频段的微带天线,具有低副瓣电平、高隔离度和低交叉极化电平的特点。但上述天线多层介质板间普遍采用空气层架高来实现较高增益,而针对卫星平台来讲这种悬空的结构状态存在结构稳定性不牢固的风险,在卫星无线系统设计中需要规避。

本文设计了一款24阵元的星载X波段宽带双圆极化微带阵列天线。天线采用缝隙耦合馈电设计以展宽频带,采用3 dB定向耦合器实现馈电网络相位差以满足双圆极化设计,天线整体具备良好性能。在后续吉林一号卫星组网阶段,此天线可为数据传输系统提供无线保障。


本文详细内容请下载:

http://www.chinaaet.com/resource/share/2000006365


作者信息:

隋涛,邢斯瑞,金宇婷,安向东

(长光卫星技术股份有限公司,吉林 长春 130000)


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