频率和方向图可重构天线设计*
电子技术应用
赵虎辰1,唐涛2,3,黄和平2,3,张谢逊2,3
(1.中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 遥控遥测专业部, 河北 石家庄 050081; 2.西南民族大学 电子信息学院,四川 成都 610225;3.国家民委 电子信息工程重点实验室,四川 成都 610041)
摘要:提出了一种可重构频率和方向图的微带贴片天线设计方案,其由带倒“Ω”形缝隙地板和辐射单元构成。改变加载在地板缝隙中心处的二极管的工作状态,可重构天线的局部结构和表面电流分布,从而实现天线工作频率和辐射方向图的重构。从仿真和测试结果来看,该设计可以实现单频和双频两种工作模式,具备良好的可重构性。当二极管导通时,该天线为单频工作模式,其谐振频点位于3 GHz,工作带宽可覆盖WIMAX主要频段;而当二极管截止时,天线处于双频工作模式,其谐振频点分别位于3 GHz和5.8 GHz处,工作频带可覆盖WIMAX和部分WILAN频段。此外,不同工作模式下,该天线的远场方向图也随之改变。
中图分类号:TN828.4 文献标志码:A DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.234089
中文引用格式:赵虎辰,唐涛,黄和平,等. 频率和方向图可重构天线设计[J]. 电子技术应用,2023,49(9):21-25.
英文引用格式:Zhao Huchen,Tang Tao,Huang Heping,et al. Design of frequency and radiation pattern reconfigurable antenna[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2023,49(9):21-25.
中文引用格式:赵虎辰,唐涛,黄和平,等. 频率和方向图可重构天线设计[J]. 电子技术应用,2023,49(9):21-25.
英文引用格式:Zhao Huchen,Tang Tao,Huang Heping,et al. Design of frequency and radiation pattern reconfigurable antenna[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2023,49(9):21-25.
Design of frequency and radiation pattern reconfigurable antenna
Zhao Huchen1,Tang Tao2,3,Huang Heping2,3,Zhang Xiexun2,3
(1.Department of Remote Control and Telemetry, The 54th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Shijiazhuang 050081, China; 2.College of Electronic and Information, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China; 3.Key Laboratory of Electronic and Information Engineering, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Chengdu 610041, China)
Abstract:A frequency and pattern reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna is designed, which consists of a metal floor with an inverted "Ω" slot and a radiation patch, printed on both sides of the substrate. By changing the operating state of the switching diode located at the center of the floor slot, the local structure and the surface current distribution of the antenna will change, and the antenna's working frequency and direction pattern will be reconstructed. The simulation and measurement results show that the antenna can work in both single-frequency and dual-frequency modes. When the diode is in the on-off state, it first works in single-frequency mode, the resonant frequency of the antenna is at 3 GHz, and its working bandwidth covers the main frequency band of world interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX). While the diode is in the cut-off state, the resonant point of the antenna is at 3 GHz and 5.8 GHz respectively, realizing the dual-frequency working mode. And the operating band covers WIMAX and part of the wireless local area networks (WLAN) band, and the antenna far-field pattern changes with different working modes.
Key words :reconfigurable;radiation pattern;frequency;WLAN
0 引言
近年来,随着现代雷达和通信技术的不断成熟,通信系统在小型化、多频段、超频段、大容量以及功能多样化方面得到了迅猛发展。同样的物理结构和尺寸,可重构天线赋予多个天线的功能,从而使一个天线或天线阵具备多个天线的能力。这种技术显著降低了系统所需的天线数量,进而缩减了系统的成本、重量和体积,同时还显著提高了系统的电磁兼容性。因此,可重构天线技术受到国内外的广泛关注[1-6]。重构天线又称为自组构天线,一般通过辐射单元表面电流或辐射口径场的改变实现天线电性能的调整[7]。
可重构天线可按其功能分为频率可重构、方向图可重构、极化可重构和多电磁参数可重构等类型。通过改变其结构,可实现一种或多种参数(如工作频率、辐射方向和极化方式)的可重构,从而切换天线工作状态,获得多种工作模式,有助于传输过程中实现多种有效的分集[8]。
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作者信息:
赵虎辰1,唐涛2,3,黄和平2,3,张谢逊2,3
(1.中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 遥控遥测专业部, 河北 石家庄 050081;2.西南民族大学 电子信息学院,四川 成都 610225;3.国家民委 电子信息工程重点实验室,四川 成都 610041)
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