基于新型耦合器的紧耦合阵列天线研究
2021年电子技术应用第8期
杨 龙1,周文涛1,王 娜1,张志亚2
1.中国西南电子技术研究所,四川 成都610036; 2.西安电子科技大学 天线与微波技术国家重点实验室,陕西 西安710071
摘要:紧耦合阵列天线具备超宽带性能,可广泛应用于雷达、通信、情报侦察等领域。提出了一种采用新型电容耦合器的宽带紧耦合阵列天线,获得了宽带性能。该电容耦合器通过将两条部分重叠的传输线沿阿基米德螺旋曲线缠绕而获得,可以得到阵元间的强电容耦合,同时为了增加相邻天线单元间的电容,耦合器采用了双层印刷结构。此外,采用集成的宽带巴伦和电介质覆层,进一步提高了天线的宽带匹配性能。仿真结果表明,所设计的紧耦合阵列天线阵列在1.2~6.2 GHz范围内有源驻波小于3,同时在所有平面中扫描角达到45°。制造并测试了天线样机,测量结果表明所设计的天线在有源驻波小于3时阻抗带宽达到5.2:1。
中图分类号:TN821
文献标识码:A
DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.201817
中文引用格式:杨龙,周文涛,王娜,等. 基于新型耦合器的紧耦合阵列天线研究[J].电子技术应用,2021,47(8):123-127,132.
英文引用格式:Yang Long,Zhou Wentao,Wang Na,et al. Design of tightly coupled dipole array with novel capacitive coupler[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2021,47(8):123-127,132.
文献标识码:A
DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.201817
中文引用格式:杨龙,周文涛,王娜,等. 基于新型耦合器的紧耦合阵列天线研究[J].电子技术应用,2021,47(8):123-127,132.
英文引用格式:Yang Long,Zhou Wentao,Wang Na,et al. Design of tightly coupled dipole array with novel capacitive coupler[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2021,47(8):123-127,132.
Design of tightly coupled dipole array with novel capacitive coupler
Yang Long1,Zhou Wentao1,Wang Na1,Zhang Zhiya2
1.Southwest China Institute of Electronic Technology,Chengdu 610036,China; 2.National Key Laboratory of Antennas and Microwave Technology,Xidian University,Xi′an 710071,China
Abstract:The tightly coupled array antenna has ultra-wideband performance and can be widely used in radar, communications, intelligence reconnaissance and other fields. In this paper, a wideband tightly coupled array antenna(TCA) adopts a novel capacitive coupler is proposed. The proposed capacitive coupler, called Archimedes capacitive coupler, is based on two partially overlapping transmission lines obtained by winding them followed the Archimedes spiral. In addition, in order to further increase the capacitance between the two adjacent elements, the coupler uses a double-layer printed structure. Meanwhile, an integrated Marchand balun and a dielectric superstrate are adopted for further improving the matching performance of the designed antenna. The simulated results show that the final array maintains an active VSWR<3 from 1.2~6.2 GHz while scanning up to 45° in all planes. A prototype is manufactured and measured to validate the method. The measured results are provided for broadside and it shows that the proposed antenna delivers minimum 5.2:1 bandwidth for active VSWR<3.
Key words :tightly coupled array antenna;ultra-wideband;coupler
0 引言
近年来,紧耦合理论被应用到超宽带阵列天线的设计中,它通过有效利用天线单元之间的天线耦合效应来满足阵列天线宽带化和低剖面的要求[1-4]。紧耦合阵列天线(Tightly Coupled Array Antenna,TCA)的起源可以追溯到1965年提出的连续电流片阵列的理想天线模型[5]。但直到2003年学者偶然发现天线之间的强耦合效应可以用来拓宽天线带宽[6]。从那时起,紧耦合阵列天线的研究备受关注[7-9]。为了获得紧耦合阵列天线的宽带性能,最初始和最重要的步骤是在两个相邻阵元之间设计耦合器以获得强电容互耦。目前主要有两种耦合器形式来实现阵元间的耦合。一种称为交叠耦合器,它通过在基板的两侧分别印刷相邻天线单元的两个辐射臂,两辐射臂彼此交叠而构成,此时阵元间的电容为平板电容[9-11]。另一种耦合器称为交指耦合器,它是通过在基板的同一侧印刷相邻阵元的两辐射臂并使它们的边缘交织成手指状而构成,此时阵元间的电容为交指电容[12-13]。在紧耦合阵列天线设计中,阵元间的电容耦合主要通过这两种方式来实现。
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作者信息:
杨 龙1,周文涛1,王 娜1,张志亚2
(1.中国西南电子技术研究所,四川 成都610036;
2.西安电子科技大学 天线与微波技术国家重点实验室,陕西 西安710071)
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