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空管监视系统中的无线通信技术及安全性分析
2020年电子技术应用第9期
李 丹1,张 晓2
1.中国西南电子技术研究所,四川 成都610036;2.空军装备部驻成都地区第三军事代表室,四川 成都610036
摘要:空管监视领域不断更替的新概念与新技术对准确认识其运行机制提出了愈加多元的需求,其中安全性研究作为基本问题之一,由于贯穿空管监视系统的各个层面而成为认识系统涌现的重要线索。基于空管监视领域的安全研究尚未形成明晰体系的现状,重点介绍了当前空管监视系统中的无线通信技术以及面临的安全性问题,将空管监视系统分为两大类:空中交通管制和信息服务。空中交通管制用于管制员与机组人员之间的通信,信息服务主要为机组人员提供飞行所需信息,提高飞行员的情景意识。最后指出了空管监视领域尚待解决的安全性问题,及未来的关注热点及研究趋势。
中图分类号:TN95;V249
文献标识码:A
DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.200332
中文引用格式:李丹,张晓. 空管监视系统中的无线通信技术及安全性分析[J].电子技术应用,2020,46(9):29-33.
英文引用格式:Li Dan,Zhang Xiao. Wireless communication technologies and security in air traffic surveillance system[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2020,46(9):29-33.
Wireless communication technologies and security in air traffic surveillance system
Li Dan1,Zhang Xiao2
1.Southwest Institute of Electronic Technology,Chengdu 610036,China; 2.The Third Military Representative Office of the Air Force Equipment Department in Chengdu,Chengdu 610036,China
Abstract:The continual development of new concepts and techniques in the field of air traffic surveillance generates constantly more diversified demands for an accurate understanding of its operating mechanism. Security research, which deals with one of the fundamental issues of air traffic surveillance, emerges throughout the system at all levels, and provides important clues for exploring the emergence of air traffic surveillance system. However, there is as yet no widely accepted architecture for security research on air traffic surveillance up to now. Therefore, this article focuses on wireless communication technologies and security in air traffic surveillance system. In order to focus on the systems view, we divide all technologies used in air traffic communications into two categories according to their application: air traffic control and information services. Air traffic control are used to enable communication between controllers and pilots or their aircraft. Information services are technologies which provide information to pilots to improve their situational awareness. It also points out the future research and development trends in the field of air traffic surveillance and some key issues which remain to be solved.
Key words :air traffic surveillance;air traffic control;information service;wireless communication;security

0 引言

空管监视系统被誉为空中交通管制员的“眼睛”,主要是指检测、识别和跟踪目标以及报告影响飞行安全的天气现象。空管领域的监视手段种类繁多,尤其是近年来随着数据链及卫星技术的发展以及飞行密度的增加,出现了多种空管监视新技术,ADS-B、ADS-C、雷达、多点定位、视频监控等技术共存,每种监视手段基于自身的技术特点都具有各自的适用范围和监视性能,为了最优地利用各种空域监视技术,实现飞机状态的实时可信监视,基于多种手段的监视技术开始出现[1-6]

信息安全一直是空管监视系统中非常敏感和关键的问题。由于空管报文大多是开放的数据格式,信息无加密或加密算法过于简单,通信链路公开、信息共享,地面监视设备与空域内飞机之间以网状和多点对多点的方式完成信息传递,不可避免面临着安全性威胁[7-9]




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作者信息:

李 丹1,张 晓2

(1.中国西南电子技术研究所,四川 成都610036;2.空军装备部驻成都地区第三军事代表室,四川 成都610036)

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