基于uC/OS的嵌入式系统通信接口设计
EEworld
EEworld
摘要：摘要：基于ARM处理器的32位嵌入系统具有高速和大容量的数据处理能力，如何设计ARM与主机设备或系统的通信接口，成...
Abstract：
Key words :
uC" title="uC">uC" title="uC">uC" title="uC">uC
OS
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title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" 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title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" 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title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" 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title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" 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title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" title="嵌入式系统">嵌入式系统" 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通信接口
1 引言
随着微电子技术的不断创新和发展，嵌入式系统已经广泛渗透到科学和技术的各个领域，如：工程设计、数码产品、国防军事、自动化控制领域。嵌入式系统是指将应用程序、操作系统与计算机硬件集成在一起的系统。它以应用为中心、以计算机技术为基础，而且软硬件可以裁剪，因而是能满足应用系统对功能、可靠性、成本、体积和功耗的严格要求的专用计算机系统。
常用的主机与嵌入式外设的通信接口有RS232、USB、1394及10/100M以太网等接口。RS232接口被广泛用于不同速度设备与主机通信，有使用广泛，驱动程序丰富，可靠性好等优点。
本文以一个已开发成功的手持嵌入式仪器的RS232通信接口作为实例，详细说明了上位机和下位机通信程序的开发原理和过程，对类似的开发有很大的借鉴意义。
2 嵌入式通信系统结构
嵌入式处理器有许多种流行的处理器核，本文采用Piliphs公司的LPC2210,它是基于一个支持实时仿真和跟踪的16/32位ARM7TDMI-S CPU。对代码规模有严格控制的应用可使用16位Thumb模式将代码规模降低超过30%，而性能的损失却很小。
由于LPC2210的144脚封装、极低的功耗、多个32位定时器、8路10位ADC、PWM输出以及多达9个外部中断使它们特别适用于工业控制、医疗系统、访问控制和电子收款机（POS）。通过配置总线，LPC2210最多可提供76个GPIO。由于内置了宽范围的串行通信接口，LPC2210也非常适合于通信网关、协议转换器、嵌入式软件调制解调器以及其它各种类型的应用。更详细的资料见参考文献[1]
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3、嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-II的移植
对于大多数手持嵌入式仪器而言，采用公开源码的操作系统μC/OS-II是最好的选择，μC/OS-II是一个完整、可移植、可固化及可裁减占先实时多任务内核。代码简洁经典，可靠性高。
μC/OS-II可以大致分为内核、任务处理、时间处理、任务同步与通信、与CPU的接口等五部分。内核（OSCore.c）是操作系统的处理核心，包括操作系统初始化、系统运行、中断处理、时钟节拍、任务调度和事件处理等多任务。任务处理部分（OSTask.c）是与任务操作密切相关的，包括任务的建立、删除、挂起、恢复等。时钟部分（OSTime.c）定义μC/OS-II的最小时钟单位是Timetick(时钟节拍)。任务同步和通信部分包括信号邮箱、邮箱队列和时间 标志等部分，主要用于任务间的互相联系和对临界资源的访问。与CPU接口部分是指μC/OS-II针对所使用的CPU的移植部分，主要包括中断级任务切换的底层实现、任务级任务切换的底层实现、时钟节拍的产生和处理、中断和相关处理部分等内容。
μC/OS-II除了良好的稳定性和安全性以外，很重要的特点就是对多任务管理的优异表现。μC/OS-II可以管理多达64个任务。除了8个μC/OS-II自用的任务以外，用户的应用程序最多可有56个任务。用户可以通过系统提供的任务结构来自行创立任务。更详细的资料见参考文献[4]。
本实例就是通过创建通信任务来实现下位机的通信。代码如下：
/* 创建任务receive */
OSTaskCreate(TaskUart0Recieve, (void *)0,&TaskComStk[TaskStkLengh - 1], 20 );
4 嵌入式RS232通信软件设计
软件部分的设计包括上、下位机通信协议的制订、上位机程序和单片机程序的编写。其中上位机程序以Visual BASIC为开发工具，单片机程序用ANSIC C编写。
4．1 上位机与下位机通信协议的制订
上位机与下位机之间的数据交换必须遵循一定的通信协议，通信双方才能按照该协议解析所传输的数据。就本设计而言，规定串口数据帧为1起始位，8个数据位，1个停止位，无奇偶校验位，波特率为115200bps。
为了实现大文件的传送，我们将文件切成块，以二进制方式传送，这样就使得任意大小的文件都可传送，并且对系统的资源消耗最小。所制订的通信协议为：
帧头为6个字节，具体规定如下：
a.消息帧数据格式： 1 0 A B X X ,其中 10 为消息标识, AB表示文本长度, L=A*100+B, XX为配位字符，可以是任意值。
b.控制帧数据格式： 0 1 A B M N ,其中 01为控制标识, AB为请求标识, MN为附加标识, 11表示请求对方接收文件, M表示描述字串中文件名子串的长度, N表示描述字串中文件大小子串的长度, 10通知对方放弃传输, 00通知文件传输完毕, 01请求对方发送数据, MN为10请求发送下一个, MN为00请求重发。
c.数据帧数据格式： 0 0 A B M N， 其中 00 为数据标识,， AB表示数据长度,L=A*100+B， MN为校验,M*100+N=A+B。
前导帧使通信双方保持同步，当PC机发送数据时，先将请求对方接收控制帧给下位机，收到应答帧后开始传送；当PC机接收数据时，同样地，先将请求对方发送控制帧给下位机，下位机收到帧后开始传送。
4．2 上位机软件的编写
上位机是一个数据发送与接收的终端，上位机软件的功能是：使计算机与嵌入式系统能够通过RS232接口标准收发数据。由于Visual BASIC是一种易学易用的面向对象的程序设计工具，因而采用它来编写上位机程序。在上位机程序中要能够对计算机串行口的硬件进行操作。本设计通过串行通信组件MsComm实现串行通信功能。在设计中还需要使用其它一些组件如CommandButton、TextBox、CommonDialog等来完成软件界面的设计。界面如下：
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4．3 下位机程序设计
通信任务代码如下：
/*******************************************************************
** 函数名称: TaskUart0Recieve
** 功能描述: μCOS-II的任务。从UART0接收并处理数据。通信调度程序!
** 输 入: pdata 任务附加参数(指针)
** 输 出: 无
*******************************************************************/
void TaskUart0Recieve(void *pdata)
{ uint8 bytTest[6];
uint32 i, intTest;
char strReceive[100];
pdata = pdata; /* 避免编译警告 */
for (;;)
{ for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)bytTest[i] = UART0Getch();/* 接收数据帧头6Byte */
if((bytTest[0] == 1)&&(bytTest[1] == 0)){ //收到信息帧
intReceiveLen = bytTest[2] * 100 + bytTest[3];
for (i = 0; i
}
else if(( bytTest[0] == 0)&&( bytTest[1] == 1)) //收到控制帧
{intTest = bytTest[2] * 100 + bytTest[3]; //控制帧分析
switch(intTest)
{ case 101: //对方请求接收新文件
intReceiveLen = bytTest[4];
i = 0;
do{strFileName[i++] = UART0Getch(); //'接收文件名信息
}while (i < intReceiveLen);
intReceiveLen = bytTest[5];
i = 0;
do{strReceive[i++] = UART0Getch(); //接收文件长度信息
}while (i < intReceiveLen);
intFileLenth = atol(strReceive); //文件长度
FileReceiveManager(0); //receive
break;
case 100:break; //对方通知放弃传输
case 1: //对方请求发送数据
if( bytTest[4] == 1){ //请求发送数据包
intDataNumber++;
if (intDataNumber >= intDataCount)
FileSendManager(4); //发送完成信号
else
FileSendManager(1); //发送新一帧数据
}
else
FileSendManager(2); //重发上一帧数据
break;
case 0: //接收到传输完毕信号
FileReceiveManager(4);
break;
}
}
else if( (bytTest[0] == 0)&&(bytTest[1] == 0)) //收到数据帧
{intTest = bytTest[4] * 100 + bytTest[5];
intReceiveLen = bytTest[2] * 100 + bytTest[3]; //数据字节数
i = 0;
do{ b_char[intFileReceiveLenth + i++ ] = UART0Getch();// 一帧数据
}while (i < intReceiveLen);
if(intTest == (bytTest[2] + bytTest[3])) //根据校验和作出响应
FileReceiveManager(1); //校验和正确请求发送新数据
else
FileReceiveManager(2); //校验和错请求重新发送
}
else if( (bytTest[0] == 1)&&(bytTest[1] == 1)) //发送数据到PC
FileSendManager(0); //发数据
}
} /* 关于UART0Getch() 请参看参考文献[2] */
/* 文件发送管理 void FileSendManager(uint32 intFlag) 根据接收端的请求发送文件 */
/*文件接收管理void FileReceiveManager(uint32 intFlag) 处理接收到的文件数据 */
以上两函数，限于篇幅，具体代码略。
5 结束语
本文阐述了嵌入式系统的概念及嵌入式通信系统的结构。在设计中，作者充分地发挥了uC/OS-II的多任务管理功能，为实现通信功能而单独分配了一个优先级较低的任务，使得下位机在与主机通信的同时，能继续自己的工作，真正实现了实时多任务;此外，为了实现大文件的传送，我们将文件切成块，以二进制方式传送，这样就使得任意大小的文件都可传送，并且对系统的资源消耗最小，对于嵌入式系统，这是很有意义的。最后，为了便于参考，给出了在一个裁剪的uC/OS-II操作系统环境下，实现系统与主机通信的下位机程序源码。
参考文献：
[1]LPC221016/32-bit ARM microcontroller with 10-bit ADC and external memory interface Rev. 01 — 09 February 2004 ，Philips Semiconductors
[2] ARM嵌入式系统实验教程（二），广州周立功单片机技术有限公司，2005.
[3] 刘承广,常宇健,杨卫东,施博学. uCOS-II在车载GPS移动终端中的应用.
微计算机信息（旬刊）.2005;21(2):103－104
[4] Labrosse Jean J. 嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ. 邵贝贝译. 第2版. 北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2003
作者简介
罗永道，1969.9，男，汉，北京理工大学 光学工程专业 在读博士
EMail : lyd@bit.edu.cn
罗 徽，1972.7，男，汉，昆明理工大学 计算机应用专业 在读硕士；
廖宁放，1960.1，男，汉，教授，博士生导师 北京理工大学
通信地址：北京市海淀区中关村南大街5号 北京理工大学 信息科学技术学院颜色科学与工程国家专业实验室 邮编：100081
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