作者：Thomas Hillmann,智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" 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title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" 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title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网" title="智能电网">智能电网和智能计量技术" title="技术">技术EMEA地区营销经理，德州仪器

今天的电网已发展" title="发展">发展了一个多世纪，一直是从集中电厂发电、输电和提供电能给数百万的端点，都是电力的单向流动。随着插电式混合动力和电动汽车" title="汽车">汽车的大范围部署，可再生电能和小型分散单元的发电比例不断增加，以尽量减少电网的输电损耗。

智能电网需要适应这些新趋势" title="趋势">趋势。对智能电网的愿景有很多，但都有一个共同特点：电力和信息的双向流动。这将实现一个实时电能市场的愿景。如果发电数据和功率" title="功率">功率消耗数据也可以进行实时通信，那么，总供给和需求将导致电能的现货价格，它可以反馈给消费者。这是实时的价格信息将可能影响他们的行为，避免提高电能价格的峰值。例如，在中午为电动车充电" title="充电">充电，可能比深夜充电更昂贵。

这些愿景都支持一个明确的政治意愿。欧盟制定的欧盟整体目标（2009/72/EC指令）是实现智能电网和智能计量的主要驱动力。它指出，成员国应确保采用智能计量系统" title="系统">系统，应协助消费者积极参与电力供应市场，到2020年至少有80%消费者配备智能计量系统。

一些国家已经制定了实施智能电表的详细时间表，包括英国的（燃气＋电）、西班牙、法国、意大利（燃气）等。智能仪表的关键环节是通信。难点在于细节，因为目前还不清楚应使用什么通信协议－它必须是基于欧洲４４１指令的一个"标准"。这项指令的总目标是建立欧洲标准，实现公用仪表的互操作性。

不同的欧洲和国家机构，行业团体和个体公司在部署之前必须同意这些标准，这是一个过程，需要时间。同时还有实施智能电表的强制时间表。解决这些难题的答案是"智能就绪(smart-ready)"电表，如可以适应不同的标准的电表，取决于监管机构和市场的需要。

德州仪器" title="德州仪器">德州仪器公司提供了一系列"智能就绪"的硬件解决方案" title="方案">方案，能够支持大多数目前所有讨论的标准。固件升级更新能确保这些解决方案得以全面更新。

尽管有了这一切"智能就绪"，还要做出最终决定。在不久的将来一些主要发展可能会或可能不会影响一些国家、欧洲甚至全世界智能电网领域的发展，说明如下：

西班牙和葡萄牙的PLC：很多人会希望能听到西班牙和葡萄牙PRIME电表大规模的部署。在条件成熟的技术规范方面，PRIME PLC标准似乎是最先进的开放和免版税的AMI PLC协议，而且建立在PRIME联盟的组织结构之上。

法国的PLC:G3将带来巨大的利益，它在技术方面具有一定的前景。规模较小的2000只电表的G3测试将引起产业高度的警觉。对OFDM窄带技术PRIME和未来开发" title="开发">开发的G3之间是怎样的姐妹关系，人们也可能保持好奇。

意大利的无线：意大利天然气委员会（CIG）将决定意大利采用针对天然气表的无线通信标准-可能的候选者包括无线M-Bus和Zigbee 2.4 GHz.

功率系统设计" title="设计">设计Power" title="Power">PowerSystem" title="System">SystemDesign" title="Design">DesignChina 2010年 9/10 月